Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Concentration Definition (Chemistry)

In chemistry, the word concentration relates to the components of a mixture or solution. Here is the definition of concentration and a look at different methods used to calculate it. Concentration Definition In chemistry, concentration refers to the amount of a substance per defined space. Another definition is that concentration is the ratio of solute in a solution to either solvent or total solution. Concentration usually is expressed in terms of mass per unit volume. However, the solute concentration may also be expressed in moles or units of volume. Instead of volume, concentration may be per unit mass. While usually applied to chemical solutions, concentration may be calculated for any mixture. Two related terms are concentrated and dilute. Concentrated refers to chemical solutions that have high concentrations of a large amount of solute in the solution. Dilute solutions contains a small amount of solvent compared with the amount of solvent. If a solution is concentrated to the point where no more solute will dissolve in the solvent, it is said to be saturated. Unit Examples of Concentration: g/cm3, kg/l, M, m, N, kg/L How to Calculate Concentration Concentration is determined mathematically by taking the mass, moles, or volume of solute and dividing it by the mass, moles, or volume of the solution (or less commonly, the solvent). Some examples of concentration units and formulas include: Molarity (M) - moles of solute / liters of solution (not solvent!)Mass Concentration (kg/m3 or g/L) - mass of solute / volume of solutionNormality (N) - grams active solute / liters of solutionMolality (m) - moles of solute / mass of solvent (not mass of solution!)Mass Percent (%) - mass solute / mass solution x 100% (mass units are the same unit for both solute and solution)Volume Concentration (no unit) - volume of solute / volume of mixture (same units of volume for each)Number Concentration (1/m3) - number of entities (atoms, molecules, etc.) of a component divided by the total volume of the mixtureVolume Percent (v/v%) - volume solute / volume solution x 100% (solute and solution volumes are in the same units)Mole Fraction (mol/mol) - moles of solute / total moles of species in the mixtureMole Ratio (mol/mol) - moles of solute / total moles of all other species in the mixtureMass Fraction (kg/kg or parts per) - mass of one fraction (could be multiple solutes) / total mass of the mixtureMass Ratio (kg/kg or parts per) - mass of solute / mass of all other constituents in the mixturePPM (parts per million) - a 100 ppm solution is 0.01%. The parts per notation, while still in use, has largely been replaced by mole fraction.PPB (parts per billion) - typically used to express contamination of dilute solutions Some units may be converted from one to another, however, its not always a good idea to convert between units based on the volume of solution to those based on mass of solution (or vice versa) because volume is affected by temperature. Strict Definition of Concentration In the strictest sense, not all means of expressing the composition of a solution or mixture are termed concentration. Some sources only consider mass concentration, molar concentration, number concentration, and volume concentration to be true units of concentration. Concentration Versus Dilution Another common usage of the term concentration refers to how concentrated a solution is. A concentrated solution contains as much solute as it can hold. Chemists often prefer to call such a solution saturated. In contrast, a solution that contains few solute particles is said to be dilute. In order to concentrate a solution, either more solute particles must be added or some solvent must be removed. If the solvent is nonvolatile, a solution may be concentrated by evaporating or boiling off solvent. Dilutions are made by adding solvent to a more concentrated solution. Its common practice to prepare a relatively concentrated solution, called a stock solution, and use it to prepare more dilute solutions. This practice results in better precision than simply mixing up a dilute solution because it can be difficult to obtain an accurate measurement of a tiny amount of solute. Serial dilutions are used to prepare extremely dilute solutions. To prepare a dilution, stock solution is added to a volumetric flask and then diluted with solvent to the mark. Source IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the Gold Book) (1997).

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

I Am A Canvas Of My Life - 2313 Words

Kat Von D, a tattoo artist famous around the world, has been quoted to say- â€Å"I am a canvas of my experiences, my story is etched in lines and shading, and you can read it on my arms, my legs, my shoulders, and my stomach.† She exemplifies the feelings behind tattoos and provides a wonderful illustration into the life of someone with and why they got them. Her beliefs support my opinion that tattoos are a gateway to a person s soul, desires, and motivation in life. How could something so beautiful be banned for anyone, let alone minors, who have more to prove about themselves than anyone else. Because professional tattoos are harmless, expressive, and highly cultural, minors should be able to get them with parental consent. Starting in 306 B.C, tattoos were contested by government and religious figures. People against tattoos for minors argue that they have too many health issues, the young age doesn’t allow them to make proper decisions, and their future could be a ffected negatively by their tattoos, depending on their content. I think otherwise, believing that professional tattoos have little risk for diseases or infection, are symbols for times and people in the minor’s lives and that they showcase creativity and culture. Tattoos weren’t always viewed as an expression of culture or personality. In ancient Rome and Greece, they were used to mark prisoners. People with tattoos were known as lesser beings in most early societies because of those uses. In Japan, theyShow MoreRelatedArt Is A Lie That Makes Us Realize The Truth1457 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Art is a lie that makes us realize the truth.† –Pablo Picasso What is art? Art is one spilled out onto a canvas or molded into a sculpture. One’s artwork depicts and reflects upon the artist as a physical being and their norms. Thoughts, feelings and emotions are the paint that is glossed and decorated across a wide open canvas; and within hours it will dry creating a new masterpiece that a thousand words cannot tell because it is made up of one’s story and that cannot be replicated. No matter howRead MoreGraduation Speech For My Academic Advisor Year1140 Words   |  5 PagesAs I met with my academic advisor last semester to speak about classes, I was told I still needed an art credit to fulfill my General Education. As I looked through the list I saw classes such as Art History, Intro to Visual Arts, and Painting. I wanted to take an art class that I would find interesting and make me work hard. I chose to sign up for Painting. I thought to myself, â€Å"I painted in high school a lot, I have some background in it, maybe I wil l like it!† In a way, I was right. I learnedRead MoreWhen my wife and I first arrived at the Museum of Contemporary Art in Jacksonville (MOCA) I800 Words   |  4 PagesWhen my wife and I first arrived at the Museum of Contemporary Art in Jacksonville (MOCA) I honestly had no idea what to expect. I had been to the Cummer Museum, but never here and I wasnt sure what to expect or what piece of art I was going to write my paper on. I thought I might want to do my paper on a sculpture because I tend to like that kind of art, but I wasnt sure. I figured we would walk around and whatever spoke to me the loudest would be what I wrote my paper on. I hadnt expected toRead MoreSelf Portrait : A Lot Of Work Goes Into Creating A Painting1361 Words   |  6 Pagesof the artist. I started my freshman year as an underpainting of the masterpiece I had hoped to be. The last three years and my time in school added new dimensions to myself. A true painting is never fully finished. There can al ways be new layers and details to improve it. My time in high school has given me that foundation and the potential to be a masterpiece. Every single brushstroke and color of paint applied to my canvas has shaped me into the painting I have become today. I was prepared forRead MoreHow Music And Humor Defines My Life1607 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"what would I have in my portrait for my kin to remember me as?† As of now, people tend to remember for my humor and my taste in music. The question made me further realize that there may be a time, years after I’m gone when I’ll be forgotten and the only part of me that may be still relevant is this portrait. This epiphany plagues the mind of an adult at least once in their life, so, obviously, one would love for there to be something they will be remembered by. In this paper, I will explain howRead MoreMy Study Of Landscapes And Landscape Theory1637 Words   |  7 Pagesthe sleepy grandeur of nature is stirred up†¦ arouses the inner force of the subject†¦ and laid the groundwork of the sublime tradition’. (B.Beckley, 2001) This became my main area of focus for my work; to create a series of paintings showing the power and unpredictability of natur e over a landscape. In my previous project I began my study of landscapes by focussing on our everyday surrounding and variances in landscapes being dependant on individuals social and cultural differences. In LandscapeRead More A Day at the Norton Simon Museum Essay examples1231 Words   |  5 Pages13, 2000. I woke up at exactly 12 o’clock because my boyfriend was to pick me up at 1 like we planned the night before. The day looked quite nice, but I was in a fowl mood. I got into a car accident the night before and had a huge argument with my parents about the car. I finally dragged myself into the shower and got ready in half an hour. Then I went downstairs, sat on my couch, and repeatedly told myself the day would hopefully turn out better than last night. At around 1:15, my boyfriendRead MoreEssay about The Universe Defines Who I Am828 Words   |  4 PagesWho Am I You asked me to define who I am which makes me chuckle a little. I simply cannot define myself; everything else does. The way that I perceive myself does not define how everyone else in the world defines me. I guess you can say that the universe defines who I am and what I live for. We were all born and created for the same purpose. God himself gives us the opportunity to find out what that purpose is. When finding what that purpose may be, to me, is the only way to truly define who youRead MoreWe All Wear Masks By Isabel Allende1077 Words   |  5 Pageson levels I had yet experienced. I was introduced to new cultures, lifestyles, and the histories attached. These poems and novels all contained the most unique characters, all of who experienced the most unusual situations. There was not a character that could match another, each expressing different talents, flaws, and desires. Amongst our readings, one character sat on my mind. Isabel Allende’s The House of the Spirits had an assortment of characters, with Esteban Trueba catching my attention theRead MoreWhat Is Art? Essay1198 Words   |  5 Pagesof the public hastily judged the abstract art exhibition by stating ‘Abstract art is not really art’. Some of the reluctant public continue to say ‘Abstract painters are sloppy, reckless, renegades with no regard for rules for formalities.’ It is in my opinion that abstract art is can be classed as art because it incorporates the basic concepts and techniques of art. Abstract art, on dictionary.com, can be defined as a trend in painting and sculpture in the twentieth century. Abstract art seeks to

Monday, December 9, 2019

The Smart Speaker Industry-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Which stage of the Industry lifecycle is the Smart Speaker Industry in? Make sure to explain and justify. 2.What recommendations would you offer Companies like Apple, Amazon, Google or Microsoft for dealing with the challenges of early stage Industries? Answers: The explanation of the industry life cycle stages of smart speaker The smart speaker is in the product development stage or part of introduction stage of the industry. The giant competitors of this industry are investing in the smart speaker of the company. As a product goes through different stages from the beginning of the making a prototype to the decline from the consumers, it goes through different phases. This product is growing at a compound annual growth rate of 11% (Moffat et al. 2017). After generating and brainstorming the idea of an industry lifecycle the product development starts. After the product is developed, it is exposed in the market for gauging the consumers attitude towards it . With the growth of digital economy, every aspect of life is being digitalized. The digital giants of the industry like Google, Microsoft, Amazon and Apple have already started investing and have developed applications and devices in the product range (cbc.ca 2017). The strategic analysts of the industry say that the evolution of using voices has not yet gained full exposure and recognition in the market. Therefore, the product has not yet reached the growth stage in the market. Thus, it is safe to say that the product is in stage of introduction as well as development in the market. Recommendations for companies Apple, Google, Amazon or Microsoft for dealing with the challenges The most important part of dealing with challenges is acceptance of the product. The smart speaker has gain recognition in the early adopters. Therefore, the main competitors should focus on the following recommendations to get through this stage As the high cost is the most important concern of this stage, the companies can put a reasonable price on the product in this stage. This would attract more customers to adapt to this phase. As this stage is very vulnerable, because it is determined in this stage to go with the idea of investing and manufacturing of the products or not (Bakman Hashai, 2017). The customers attitude is much important to analyze and interpret in this stage. Team development and financing activities the right people should be selected in this stage in the marketing activities. This is essential, as the company should select key personnels (Bakman, L., Hashai, 2017). Marketing and sales as well as customer relationship management the management of customers of the company should be analyzed at this stage. The proper feedbacks from the consumers are essential as well as maintaining a proper engagement with the customers through after sale services (Tavassoli, 2015). Increasing and recognizing the value addition services should be given emphasis (Bakman, L., Hashai, 2017) Accountability to the customers and building a proper network should be given priority too in this stage, as it would help in later stages as in growth and maturity (Bakman Hashai, 2017). References Bakman, L., Hashai, N. (2017). Industry Life Cycle, Product Type, and Level of Exploration in Entrepreneurial Knowledge Intensive Firms. InTHE WORLD SCIENTIFIC REFERENCE ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP: Volume 3: Sustainability, Ethics, and Entrepreneurship(pp. 363-393). Moffat, J. G., Vincent, F., Lee, J. A., Eder, J., Prunotto, M. (2017). Opportunities and challenges in phenotypic drug discovery: an industry perspective.Nature Reviews Drug Discovery,16(8), 531-543. Tavassoli, S. (2015). Innovation determinants over industry life cycle.Technological Forecasting and Social Change,91, 18-32. Why Apple, Amazon, Google and Microsoft are all betting on smart speakers. (2017).CBC News. Retrieved 20 November 2017, from https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/smart-speakers-apple-amazon-google-microsoft-1.4153237

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Plasma Essays - Plasma Physics, Plasma, State Of Matter,

Plasma Matter consists of atoms held together by electromagnetic forces. How tight these bonds are, determines which of the four states: solid, liquid, gas and plasma, matter exists as. Plasma is only found naturally in the corona and cores of stars and in bolts of lightning. There are three classic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas; however, plasma is considered by some scientists to be the fourth state of matter. The plasma state is not related to blood plasma, the most common usage of the word; rather, the term has been used in physics since around the 1920s to represent an ionized gas. Space plasma physics became an important scientific discipline in the early 1950s with the discovery of the Van Allen radiation belts. Lightning is commonly seen as a form of plasma. Matter changes its state as it is exposed to different physical conditions. Ice is a solid with hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O) molecules arranged in regular patterns, but if the ice melts, the H2O enters a new state: liquid water. As the water molecules are warmed, they separate further to form steam, which is a gas. In these classic states, the positive charge of each atomic nucleus equals the total charge of all the electrons orbiting around it so that the net charge is zero. Each entire atom is electrically neutral. When more heat is applied, the steam may be ionized: an electron will gain enough energy to escape its atom. This atom is left one electron short and now has a net positive charge; called an ion. In a sufficiently heated gas, ionization happens many times, creating clouds of free electrons and ions; however, not all the atoms are necessarily ionized, and some may remain completely intact with no net charge. This ionized gas mixture, consisting of ions, electrons, and neutral atoms, is called plasma. Plasma must have sufficient numbers of charged particles so that the gas, as a whole, exhibits a collective response to electric and magnetic fields. Although plasma includes electrons and ions and conducts electricity, it is macroscopically neutral. In measurable quantities, the number of electrons and ions are equal. The charged particles are affected by electric and magnetic fields applied to the plasma, and the motions of the particles in the plasma generate fields and electric currents from within. This complex set of interactions makes plasma a unique, fascinating, and complex state of matter. Plasma is found in both ordinary and exotic places. When an electric current is passed through neon gas, it produces both plasma and light. Lightning is a massive electrical discharge in the atmosphere that creates a jagged column of plasma. Part of a comet's streaming tail is plasma from gas ionized by sunlight and other unknown processes. The Sun is a 1.5-million-kilometer ball of plasma, heated by nuclear fusion. Scientists study plasma for practical purposes. In an effort to harness fusion energy on Earth, physicists are studying devices that create and confine very hot plasmas in magnetic fields. In space, plasma processes are largely responsible for shielding Earth from cosmic radiation, and much of the Sun's influence on Earth occurs by energy transfer through the ionized layers of the upper atmosphere. Plasma and its properties will become very important in the energy field, in that if its energy was captured, it would be more powerful than current nuclear power.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

Free Essays on Auditing

The topic I will be discussing tonight is management’s assertions about the financial statements representing their company. According to the textbook these assertions can be divided into to five broad categories. These categories are existence or occurrence, completeness, rights and obligations, valuation or allocation, and presentation and disclosure. An auditor’s develops objectives, which vary from one engagement to another, depending on the entity’s business and the accounting practices distinctive to its industry. In the existence or occurrence assertion, management asserts that all recorded assets, liabilities, and equities disclosed in the financial statements actually existed at the balance sheet date. Management also asserts that all recorded transactions occurred during the period ending on the balance sheet date. The auditor’s objective is to test whether the assertions made by management are appropriate. For example, when auditing inventory an auditor’s objective is to determine if the inventory existed at the balance sheet date, if the recorded inventory purchases in fact occurred, and if sales transactions in the income statement represent the exchange of goods or services for cash or other consideration. This can be tested by observing the client’s physical count of inventory, confirming the off-premises inventory with public warehouses, and by using inventory cutoff tests to be sure purchases and sales are recorded in the correct accounting period. In the completeness assertion, management asserts that all transactions occurred during the period were recorded. This assertion is the most challenging for the auditor because he or she must discover any transactions that were not recorded but should have been and vise versa. For example, when auditing inventory the auditor will use the same tests used in the existence assertion. The auditor will observe physical inventory, confirm off-premises invento... Free Essays on Auditing Free Essays on Auditing The topic I will be discussing tonight is management’s assertions about the financial statements representing their company. According to the textbook these assertions can be divided into to five broad categories. These categories are existence or occurrence, completeness, rights and obligations, valuation or allocation, and presentation and disclosure. An auditor’s develops objectives, which vary from one engagement to another, depending on the entity’s business and the accounting practices distinctive to its industry. In the existence or occurrence assertion, management asserts that all recorded assets, liabilities, and equities disclosed in the financial statements actually existed at the balance sheet date. Management also asserts that all recorded transactions occurred during the period ending on the balance sheet date. The auditor’s objective is to test whether the assertions made by management are appropriate. For example, when auditing inventory an auditor’s objective is to determine if the inventory existed at the balance sheet date, if the recorded inventory purchases in fact occurred, and if sales transactions in the income statement represent the exchange of goods or services for cash or other consideration. This can be tested by observing the client’s physical count of inventory, confirming the off-premises inventory with public warehouses, and by using inventory cutoff tests to be sure purchases and sales are recorded in the correct accounting period. In the completeness assertion, management asserts that all transactions occurred during the period were recorded. This assertion is the most challenging for the auditor because he or she must discover any transactions that were not recorded but should have been and vise versa. For example, when auditing inventory the auditor will use the same tests used in the existence assertion. The auditor will observe physical inventory, confirm off-premises invento... Free Essays on Auditing In order to fully comprehend what is meant by internal control we must look at the definition as stated in the COSO report. It is defined as, â€Å"a process, effected by an entity’s board of directors, management and other personnel, designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the achievement of objectives in the following three categories: reliability of financial reporting; effectiveness and efficiency of operations; compliance with applicable laws and regulations.† An important aspect of internal control to keep in mind is it’s reliance on people. No matter how much control a company implements, there will always be humans involved at some step of the way and therefore a chance for error and/or fraud. It is important to remember that these controls can only provide reasonable assurance, not absolute assurance, regarding the achievements of a company’s objectives. Internal control consists of control activities. These activities include: performance reviews, segregation of duties, physical controls, and information processing controls. It is the responsibility of management to implement these activities effectively, and also to review the results so improvements or adjustments can be made. The auditor’s responsibility is to assess the level of risk connected to each control. After assessing the risks involved, tests must be performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the control in question. Some tests are more costly to run than the benefits that will be received. It is the job of the auditors to weigh the costs and benefits of performing each test and then determine which ones are to be carried out, and which will be scrapped. The controls discussed so far focus on management’s internal control over its employees. But in a retail store, employees are not the only ones with access to product, and therefore are not the only ones capable of influencing the financial statements. Management in the reta...

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Complete Plan When Should I Start Studying for the ACT

Complete Plan When Should I Start Studying for the ACT SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you’re a high school student, you’re probably already feeling the pressure to take the ACT and do well on it – even if you’re just a freshman or sophomore. So when exactly should you start studying for the ACT? If you wait too long to study, you won’t get the highest score you’re capable of. But if you start too early, you might struggle because you don’t know all the content on the ACT yet. Or you might just forget things if you study over too long a period. So what’s the perfect balance? We will introduce you to the content you have to know to do well on the ACT and then give you a study plan based on your college goals. When Should You Take the ACT? In order to figure out when to start studying for the ACT, you first need to decide when to take the exam. You should aim to take the ACT in the fall of your junior year.This gives you time to retake the test in spring if needed. This schedule totally frees up your senior year for college applications, and it also gives you the first two years of high school to learn the content you’ll need to do well on the ACT. Also,taking the ACT for the first time in the fall means you won’t have to split your ACT study time with AP and IB exams, which can happen if you take it for the first time in spring. When Should You Start Studying for the ACT? For most people, we recommend beginning your ACT studying during the end of your sophomore year or the summer between sophomore and junior year. That will give you enough time to get in the prep you need to take the ACT at the beginning of your junior year. However, exactly when you begin studying depends on multiple factors, such as where you want to go to college and how many hours a week you'll be able to devote to studying. It’s up to you if you’re going to have a more intense ACT study schedule (like ten hours a week for two months) or a more gradual one, say one hour a week for six months. Your study schedule will also vary based on the type of schools you're applying to and how large a point improvement you need to make. 3 Steps to Decide When to Start Studying for the ACT Once you've decided on a rough date to take the ACT, you'll need to factor in several considerations, such as the ACT score you're hoping to get and how well you're doing on practice exams, in order to figure out when to start studying. In this section we go over the three main factors that determine the best time for you to start studying for the ACT. Step 1: Take a Practice ACT Your Sophomore Year One of your first steps should be to take a practice ACT in order to get a baseline score and a sense of how well you're currently doing on the exam. Ideally you should take this practice test your sophomore year so you have plenty of time to figure out when to start studying and develop a study plan. We have links to free and official ACT practice tests to help you get started and find your base score. #2: Figure Out Your College Goals and ACT Target Score The length and intensity of your study plan will strongly depend on your college goals and the ACT score you're hoping to get. There is a huge difference between studying for a 26 than a 36, after all. If you’re looking to go a decent in-state school, there is less pressure riding on your score than if you are set on the Ivy League. Because of that, we have come up with recommendations based on your college goals. Use the three plans below to help you come up with an ACT target score for you. Ivy League/Highly Selective School ACT Study Plan If you want to apply to Ivy League schools or other highly selective schools like Stanford and MIT, these recommendations are for you.Your ACT score goal for highly selective schools is a composite of 33 or higher – this puts youin the 99thpercentile nationwide. First of all, definitely plan to take a practice ACT early sophomore year to get your base score. Once you have a starting score,decide whether you want to study during sophomore year at a more gradual pace or use the summer for a more intensive study schedule.Also keep in mind how much you have to improve – if you score a 30 on your practice test, you won’t have to put in as many hours compared to if you a score a 25. Use the hours guide below to estimate the study time you need to put in, then come up with a study plan based on your schedule. Again, you could stretch out your study hours over sophomore year, or pack them into the summer after sophomore year. It all depends on your schedule and study style. Take the ACT for the first time during junior fall. If you fall short of a 33, keep studying and plan to retake it in junior spring. The closer to 36 you can get, the better, but breaking 33 is very important to be competitive at highly selective schools. (Read more aboutACT scores for the Ivy League.) Selective School ACT Study Plan If you know you want to apply to selective schools but you aren’t quite reaching for the Ivy League, these recommendations are for you. First,take a practice ACT as a sophomore to figure out your base score. Next, look up the ACT score ranges for your target colleges(fora guide on finding ACT score ranges, see our post). Set a target score based on the most selective school you are applying to. For example, let's say you’re applying to the University of Virginia as your top reach school.Their average ACT score is a 30.If you can achieve a score that’s competitive for the most selective school on your list, that gives you the best chance of getting accepted.So in this case, if you get a 30 on your ACT, you’ll be competitive at UVA as well as any other colleges you’re applying to. Once you have your base score and target score, you can either study over the course of sophomore year or the summer after. Keep in mind you will have to undertake a more rigorous study plan if you have a large point improvement to make (for example, going from a 22 to a 30). Finally, take the ACT in the fall of your junior year. If you are short of your goal, you can keep studying and retake it in the spring of your junior year. That will give you time to start working on your college applications after junior year and during the beginning of your senior year. Less Selective School Study Plan If you’re not trying to get into a super-competitive school, but you want to pursue the best local or in-state options, this guide is for you. First, either take a practice test as a sophomore, or you can use your Aspire data if your school uses that test, to predict your ACT score. If you seriously struggle with the practice test or Aspire – for example you are predicted to get below a 20, or you got below a 20 on a practice test – begin studying sophomore year. Otherwise, wait until after sophomore year is over and prep during the summer. How much time you put in during the summer depends on your starting score and the score ranges of your target schools. If you're really dedicated, you could bring your ACT prep with you on vacation. For example, say you’re applying to the University of Arizona as your top choice, and you got a 21 on your ACT practice test. TheUniversity of Arizona’s average ACT score is 24. That means you need to make a three-point improvement, which you can easily accomplish if you study over the summer. Take the ACT junior fall. If your score is way lower than your state school’s ranges, you can retake the test in junior spring. #3: Calculate How Long You Should Study for the ACT How many hours of study you need to put in before the ACT depends on how large a point improvement you want to make. You'll determine this by figuring out the difference between the baseline score you got from your practice test and your target score for the schools you want to get accepted to. You can use the following hours per point improvement recommendations as a starting point. 0-1 ACT Composite Point Improvement: 10 hours1-2 ACT Point Improvement: 20 hours2-4 ACTPoint Improvement: 40 hours4-6 ACTPoint Improvement: 80 hours6-9 ACTPoint Improvement: 150 hours+ (Readmore about ACT scoring here.) For example, if you scored a 26 on your practice test and are aiming to get a 29, you'd need a 3 point improvement, which would require about 40 hours of studying. This is just a starting guideline and heavily depends on how much you've prepped before, your starting skill level, and your ability to learn. If you're looking for a small improvement like 1point, you can do this by optimizing your testing strategy and possibly even just byretaking the test. But for serious improvements of three points or more, you need to learn a lot of fundamental content.Little tricks and strategies aren't enough to raise your score - you will need to learn actual material and attack your weaknesses. Think about it this way: the ACT tests academic skills that you've been learning your entire life, like how numbers work and how to read.As a high school junior, you've completed over 20,000 hours of schooling and homework.An improvement of three or more composite ACT points requires a serious retooling of your knowledge and skills. If you can't devote at least 80 hours to prepping, you will find it very difficult to make huge score improvements. Once you know how many hours you'll need to study and when you want to take the ACT, you can then figure out how many hours you want to study a week and use that to find the date you should begin studying. For example, if you estimate that you'll need to study 40 hours and you can get in about four hours of studying a week, you'd need to begin studying for the ACT about 10 weeks or 2.5 months before your exam date. What Do You Need to Know for the ACT? During your ACT studying, it's important that you cover each of the main topics tested on the exam. In this section we go over the major topics you'll be tested on in each of the ACT's four main sections. Use this information to figure out what you already know and what you still need to learn to do well on the ACT. Reading The reading section of the ACT consists of 40 passage-based reading questions. You will read four passages that cover the following topics: social science, natural science, humanities, and literary narrative/prose fiction. You'll have 35 minutes to complete the section. There are two main types of questions on ACT Reading. The first type asks you questions on what is directly stated in the reading. This could take the form of having you find significant details, understand the meaning of words or phrases, or understand the sequence of events and cause-and-effect relationships. The second type asks questions about what is implied. These questions will have you interpret details, make comparisons, determine direct ideas, and analyze the author’s voice or method. Your task is to read a passage quickly and be able to understand and interpret it. The more advanced of a reader you are and the more English courses you’ve taken, the better you will do on this section. Having two years of high school English under your belt by the time you take the test junior year is ideal. High school English courses give you practice in identifying an author’s purpose, as well as identifying techniques like figurative language. English classes also help you understand increasingly complex books and stories, which will help you decode ACT Reading passages. Any extra reading you do outside of class will also help you prepare for this section. You can read our detailed breakdown of the Reading section here. Math The math section of the ACT tests pre-algebra (including data collection and basic statistics), algebra, and some algebra II concepts. It also tests coordinate geometry, plane geometry, and trigonometry. (Read a full breakdown of the section here.) Once you have taken Algebra II, you will have learned all the content you need for the ACT math section. However, since the ACT Math moves very quickly – you have to complete 60 questions in 60 minutes – you need to put in some serious studying to do well on this section. Think of it as a longer, much more intense version of those mad math minute worksheets you did in elementary school. Don’t attempt the ACT or a serious study regimen before you’ve completed Algebra II because you will struggle with the content and it will be hard to study effectively. As long as you complete Algebra II by the end of sophomore year, you will be on track to do well on ACT math. English The English section tests your writing and grammar skills. It is broken down into two main components: usage/mechanics (punctuation, grammar, usage, sentence structure) and rhetorical skills (strategy, organization, style). Read more about the English section here. The more familiar you are with English grammar rules, the easier this section will be for you. Again, two years of high school English should be sufficient preparation to do well on this section, but reading widely outside of class is helpful too. Also check out our post about ACT grammar rules to learn more about the ACT English section. Science Science on the ACT is less about knowing content – like the intricacies of cell biology or physics equations – and more about being able to read and interpret graphs, charts, experimental data, and conflicting points of view. You also need to be able to draw conclusions or predictions from data. ACT Science questions will show you a graph, chart, or experiment, and you'll answer multiple-choice questions about what the data shows or suggests. You can read more about the Science section here. Having a strong science background is helpful, but it's not required to do well on this section. As long as you're taking science classes each year that teach you about the scientific method and other science skills, you should have a solid foundation for ACT Science. Still, it will be important to do practice questions to understand what ACT Science is asking. The Bottom Line: When to Start Studying for the ACT No matter what your college goals are, you should take the following steps to maximize your ACT studying time and score: take a practice ACT sophomore year to get your starting score, begin your studying either during sophomore year or the following summer, and take the ACT junior fall. This will give you another chance to take the ACT junior spring if needed and give you senior year to focus on college apps. The intensity of your studying will vary by how selective the schools you want to get into are, and also your starting point based on your practice test. By using our hours guide above and basing your target score based on the schools you want to apply to, you can achieve an excellent ACT score your junior year. What’s Next? Are you aiming for a perfect or close-to-perfect score on the ACT? Get tips from our full-scorer about how to get there. Learn what a good/bad/excellent ACT score looks like, and get more advice on finding a target score. Get tips on writing the ACT essay. While the essay doesn't affect your overall composite, getting a high essay score is important, especially if you're aiming for selective schools. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also have expert instructors who can grade every one of your practice ACT essays, giving feedback on how to improve your score. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Womens participation levels in sport and physical activity and how it Literature review

Womens participation levels in sport and physical activity and how it is affected - Literature review Example This paper intends to discuss the participation of women in sports and physical activities. Reasons for why it is affected will also be provided (Alexander 2006, p 24). Recent studies and statistics have proven that the number of women participating in sports and physical activities is low as compared to that of men. Participation is the process of being involved physically in an activity, or being a person who takes part in an activity physically. In a study done, in Australia, on women and men to see the level of their participation in sports and physical activities, the results showed that out of the total population, only 38.7% of the women participated in sports, while 65% of the men participated in sports. However, studies show that today, as compared to the previous years more women are participating in sports (Festle 2007, p 32). There are various reasons why women did not participate in sports in the previous years, for example, lack of time. Women were expected to remain home and take care of their children and home (Festle 2007, 16). For example, a woman would wake up in the morning, prepare her husband for work and start taking care of house chores and the children. These activities denied the women time to spare to do things they enjoy, like sports. Another reason why women did not participate in sports or physical activities was because of the expectations the society had put on them. Women did not take part in sports since it was seen as an activity that only men should participate in, but not women. A woman seen taking part in these activities was seen as a disgrace to the family and society at large, since it was considered masculine (Sportsscotland 2008, p 29). Lack of income was another excuse given for women not participating in sports. Women were not allowed to go out and work; men were expected to work and provide for their families; thus, it was rare for a woman to have money to spend (Joli,

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Change Management College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Change Management College - Essay Example (Cummings. Worley: 1993). Organizational development and change management are concurrent fields which have a common basis and aim that of overall progress of the organization. However each field has specific nuances which are being discussed herein. (Davis: 1998). The aim of change management is to enhance organizational competitiveness. This can be achieved by strategic change and congruence in various facets of an organization, such as aligning the people, processes structures and culture. Change management is designed to change behavior before attitudes. (Davis: 1998). It is commonly believed that a large number of projects fail to achieve the expectations of the senior management. (Responding to Change). A survey by PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) and MORI carried out in the late 1990's revealed that 9 out of 10 barriers to change were related to people and included lack of change management skills, ineffective communications and resistance by employees. (Responding to Change). The phenomenon of organizational change is complex as it involves a number of inter related factors to include the stake holders, the people and the technologies. The key factors in change management are what are known as the softer issues of transforming behavior and training of the staff to accept change. (Responding to Change). ... Two models of change popularly known as the Lewin Model and the Bullock model are being examined herein. Lewin Model of Change - Salient Features Kurt Lewin's model of change evolves from the social-psychological approach to change management which had its matrix in Lewin's observations in the area of field theory, action science, group dynamics and organizational development. The main theme of the model is that an individual is shaped by the social environment rather than his genes. Thus the model entails three steps of unfreezing from the present state, moving to the new state and refreezing in the new state. The first state involves creating dissatisfaction, while the second stage involves organizing and mobilizing resources for change and the final stage, embedding the transformation in the organization. (Change Management : 2006). Thus a transformation from an existing quasi equilibrium to a new quasi equilibrium takes place as indicated in Figure 1. Figure 1 Transition and Forces of Change State A as seen in Figure 1 depicts the status quo of a social system which is held by two sets of forces which are shown by the arrows, that of change and status quo, which results in constancy at L2. In State B change is achieved by increasing forces for change and decreasing resistance thereby accomplishing change through high tension. While State C which takes up limited energy is as proposed by Lewin, wherein the resisting forces are reduced by a number of initiatives which consumes lesser energy than that required to expand the forces of change. (Schumacher). Thus learning is the primary mode of bringing about behavioral changes in people which is undertaken by increasing knowledge and broadening horizons of people affected,

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Personal & Professional Development Essay Example for Free

Personal Professional Development Essay 1.1  Cunningham1 has defined self-managed learning as â€Å"†¦idealised adult action learning†. Therefore, self learning is a process where the learner develops their learning goals, decides on strategies to make it happen, identifies resources needed to achieve it and adopts the process to evaluate their achievement. Self managed learning can only be effective if a person has the ability to independently decide about their learning and can manage this without much institutional support. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that most people, though understanding the need for such learning approach, are unable to identify and manage their learning without guidance and support from an institution. Hence, people go to an institution to learn. However, It is the responsibility of the learner to take charge of their learning. In an adult learning environment, where most learners have been out of touch with learning for a while, it is important that the tutors initially provide hands on approach to guide the learners. Gradually, ‘tutor dependency’ reduces and the learner becomes more self dependent, starting to manage their learning more effectively. Self learning process can be facilitated through research, using online tools such as web logs, wikis, search engine facilities, use of social software and other multimedia tools such as audio and video equipment. 1.2  Lifelong learning is a process that takes place throughout an individual’s life based on their life experiences, interaction with others and range of different circumstances which are used to acquire knowledge. It is, defined as the ongoing, voluntary, and self-motivated pursuit of knowledge for either personal or professional reasons’’[2). There are various methods of learning, which can be termed as ‘life long learning’. These are: †¢ Home schooling : People learning at home rather than at an institute. †¢ Adult education : Enrolling in an adult learning course to gain formal qualifications for work or leisure. †¢ Continuing education : Courses to gain further knowledge without getting any formal qualification. †¢ Knowledge work : On-the-job training but can also include practical courses for professional development. †¢ Personal learning environment: Using a range of sources and tools including online applications. Lifelong learning is the most effective way to enhance personal and professional development. Therefore, all the above methods should be encouraged and used to gain relevant knowledge in relation to an individual’s goals and aspirations. A method used by a person depends on what their personal learning goals are, and on the answers to the key questions of what, when, where, how and why. 1.3  The benefits of self managed learning to individuals and organisations are many fold. The key benefits are : †¢ Ability to choose the content :Allows people to pick and choose what they are going to learn, and who they are going to learn from, depending on personal level of knowledge and preferences. †¢ Determining the schedule : Allows people to adapt learning process to their personal agenda, without depending on time schedules imposed by others. †¢ Learning with passion : Topic is chosen based on what the learner wants to learn, making the learner more engaged and the learning process more enjoyable. †¢ Sense of accomplishment and satisfaction : As the learner has chosen the topic, it provides greater degree of satisfaction and a sense of accomplishment within learners. †¢ More productive life : As it is a learner guided process, there is more passion and commitment within the learner about their learning, enhancing their chances of securing more expertise in the area. †¢ Develop expertise and skill : After gaining skill and expertise in the chosen field, a person is more likely to become an expert in the area, with others seeking their expertise and be willing to pay for it. 2.1 Since leaving school, I have worked within the catering sector all my working life, initially as a General Assistant in the kitchen, helping cook and chef. However, through my competence and performance, I was able to gradually rise to the position of Head Chef, with people working under my supervision. This allowed me to have experience of managing people effectively in a challenging fast moving environment. In addition, I was able to gain adequate knowledge and understanding about various health safety guidelines through relevant training, including gaining relevant qualifications. I was able to comply with the professional standards for a Chef through the training I received. Also, working closely with the management, I was able to understand fully the key aims and objectives of the business and focused on ensuring that through my work, I help the business to fulfil them. It is important for a restaurant to provide good quality food and customer service – the two key aspect for such business. Unless the quality of the food and the level of customer service is to their satisfaction, customers will not come back, which is vital for a business. So, my role as a Head Chef is crucial to the success of the company. Since the restaurant is doing well, I feel confident that I have contributed towards the achievement of the company’s aims and objectives, complying with the professional standards required for my job. 2.2  Having worked in the kitchen all my working life, I would now like to have a change of career and move to management, where I would like to manage the whole business, either by setting up my own restaurant or be employed in a restaurant owned by others. In order to help me achieve my aim, I would need proper qualification, understanding and knowledge about how to manage a restaurant efficiently. Therefore, my development needs are as follows : †¢ How to devise an effective business plan †¢ How to prepare a comprehensive sales and marketing strategy †¢ How to be a competent business manager †¢ How to manage a business efficiently and profitably In order to acquire the knowledge required to achieve those aims, I need to enrol in a business course which will not only allow me to have the relevant knowledge but would also enable me to have thorough understanding of these areas, resulting in a qualification. In addition to the areas mentioned above, I also need to focus on some other areas, such as enhancing my literacy and numeracy skills as it would be necessary if I am to manage to restaurant. I also need to improve my social and communication skills too, which is vital for a business within the hospitality sector. 2.3 Since I don’t currently have any formal qualification other than GCSE, the only way for me to achieve my goal of enrolling in a course to acquire relevant knowledge and gain qualification would be to enrol in a course that does not have an entry requirement of any formal qualification and would accept someone with only GCSE. So, I started researching about various courses available that is relevant to me and is available for people who only have GCSE. I have identified that the Business Management HND is the best course for me as it offers all relevant aspects to help me achieve my developmental needs while allowing people with only GCSE to enrol. Therefore, I have enrolled in this course. However, I am seriously considering taking this further and go into further studies on business management, either through university or an informal course in continuing education, which may not result in a formal qualification but would provide me with the knowledge I need to achieve my goals. I feel that enrolling in the Business management HND is the first step towards achieving my aim of acquiring all relevant information and gain relevant qualifications regarding running a successful restaurant business. I also researched about courses to facilitate my aim of enhancing my literacy, numeracy, social and communication skills and have identified some of the courses that will be relevant to me and would assist me in achieving my goals.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Women in the Middle East Essay -- Gender Roles, Oppression, Culture

In the book, Women in the Middle East, a Saudi Arabian proverb states, "A girl possesses nothing but a veil and a tomb" (Harik and Marston 83). The key words, "veil" and "tomb" lend evidence to the fact that many Middle Eastern women lack identity symbolized by the â€Å"veil† and lack the right of ownership except for their veil and the tomb. This statement further enforces the notion that many women in the Middle East are expected to serve and tolerate the oppression of the men in their lives throughout their lives on this earth. Moreover, it confirms that many of these women do not get the opportunity to obtain education, join the work force, and even participate in the political affairs of the country. This arrangement further helps the Middle Eastern men to view women as their properties, servants, or even as slaves. Ultimately, there are three main reasons why Middle Eastern men engage in the act of oppressing their women. One primary reason why Middle Eastern men oppress women is their deeply rooted belief system as well as their needs. For example, their belief that the Middle Eastern woman’s duty is being a dedicated homemaker encourages them to disallow her from seeking an education. Ramsay M. Harik and Elsa Martson, revisit this concept in their book, Woman in the Middle East, as they state that many males convince their women that education is unnecessary nor relevant to their household responsibilities. "The girl will spend her life cooking and having babies, why does she need to read or write? This was a common attitude in much of the Middle East until the last fifty years or so" (24). The common consensus was that once educated, these women would question many of the injustices suffered, would demand better treatment... ...emale relative is justifiable if she brings dishonor to the family" (86)... Many women do not stand up for their rights because they are scared from death; since many men killed women without feeling sympathy or without fearing from the consequences of laws. Therefore, laws are just another cause of the oppression of women. Middle Eastern women need to stand up for their rights and get educated to reverse the notion that they are servants and properties of their men. Furthermore, they need to rise up to their potentials and prove beyond doubt that they are equal to men. This practice would lead the path for future generations to follow and protect the inalienable rights of women. Finally, these women need to break the cycle of oppression by addressing these deeply rooted beliefs, gaining the tools to fight back, and joining forces to make lifelong changes.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Long Term Care

What is long term care? Long-term care refers to a collection of services that are intended to meet the medical and non-medical needs of disabled or chronically ill patients. These services include social, medical/nursing, and community services. They often require assisting the patient or patients in performing day-to-day tasks like dressing, bathing and eating. Long-term care can be provided for anybody and can be performed in a nursing home, in the individual's residence or in assisted living centers.What is continuum of care services in the United States? Continuum of care is a concept involving an integrated system of care that guides and tracks patient over time through a comprehensive array of health services spanning all levels of intensity of care, providing a framework to guide day-to-day decision-making and providing a framework for delivery of optimum health care to patient populations.Basically what that means is that it allows for you as a patient to have your care mana ged effectively from basic care, like prescriptions and making appointments, to more advanced care, like in-hospital and critical care. It creates the â€Å"medical community† where the doctors and ancillary staff involved in your treatment all communicate regarding your diagnoses, procedures, treatments etc. It links all your services and avoids duplicating them. Meaning, your primary care orders tests that your specialists don't repeat.Everyone sees everything and it allows for better treatments! Why is long term care one of the greatest challenges facing the healthcare delivery system today? Why I think it has become a challenge is because a lot adults in this world rather put their parents into long term care than taking care of them, and it costs thousands of dollars to be able to pay for that kind of treatment. Some people have that kind of money and some don’t, to even consider putting their parents into a facility.Because of the great number of adults now reach ing 65 and retirement age, as well as reaching the time in life when medical problems increase. Many seniors also are living alone & may need help at home as they age. Also many children have moved away due to out of state jobs, so the seniors are alone. Some have medical problems and they will need or do need help with physical care & meals, and before there were many family members living together, but now everyone wants to be independent.Many seniors want to remain in their homes, but living on a limited income, they can no longer pay mortgages & high taxes. Does everyone really want to give up their independence, their homes, their pets, their flowerbeds, their cars and their privacy to wind up in a facility where they don't know anyone & may have to share a bedroom with someone who they may in fact don't even like? It's always better for people to be able to stay in their own homes, but how on a fixed income.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

How Technology Affects Teenagers Essay

Technology has changed the way we as humans live; it changes our understanding of the way things work and changes the way we interact with one another. Technology was once opposed but is now somewhat welcomed into our homes. During the renaissance period, technology was opposed, as the church believed that technology would oppose the beliefs of god. Well they were right. Technology isn’t just computers or TV’s, its engineering science. And in Science, our goal is to progress and understand everything there is to understand about us, our planet and beyond. However, the way we understand and experience this concept the most is that its just to make our lives much more efficient. When you look around, what do you see? Just at an intersection in downtown New York or Los Angeles, you see people walking around with cell phones and carrying around laptop cases, other’s just listening to music. But then the companies that build these types of technology want to make them better and more efficient. So they keep releasing new devices that are smaller and faster and mostly more costly. Technology has changed the way we as humans live; it changes our understanding of the way things work and changes the way we interact with one another. Technology was once opposed but is now somewhat welcomed into our homes. During the renaissance period, technology was opposed, as the church believed that technology would oppose the beliefs of god. Well they were right. Technology isn’t just computers or TV’s, its engineering science. And in Science, our goal is to progress and understand everything there is to understand about us, our planet and beyond. However, the way we understand and experience this concept the most is that its just to make our lives much more efficient. When you look around, what do you see? Just at an intersection in downtown New York or Los Angeles, you see people walking around with cell phones and carrying around laptop cases, other’s just listening to music. But then the companies that build these types of technology want to make them better and more efficient. So they keep releasing new devices that are smaller and faster and mostly more costly. Technology has changed the way we as humans live; it changes our understanding of the way things work and changes the way we interact with one another. Technology was once opposed but is now somewhat welcomed into our homes. During the renaissance period, technology was opposed, as the church believed that technology would oppose the beliefs of god. Well they  were right. Technology isn’t just computers or TV’s, its engineering science. And in Science, our goal is to progress and understand everything there is to understand about us, our planet and beyond. However, the way we understand and experience this concept the most is that its just to make our lives much more efficient. When you look around, what do you see? Just at an intersection in downtown New York or Los Angeles, you see people walking around with cell phones and carrying around laptop cases, other’s just listening to music. But then the companies that build these types of technology want to make t hem better and more efficient. So they keep releasing new devices that are smaller and faster and mostly more costly.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Faire les quatre cents coups - French Expression

Faire les quatre cents coups - French Expression Expression: Faire les quatre cents coups Pronunciation: [fehr lay kat(reu) sa(n) coo] Meaning: to raise hell, live a wild life, sow ones wild oats Literal translation: to do the four hundred tricks Register: normal Notes Many expressions cant be translated literally between French and English, but the French expression faire les quatre cents coups is one that makes virtually no sense at all- you cant even guess as to what it means figuratively. It may be partly the definite article les (the) that makes it so difficult, as if there are 400 specific tricks that one must do in order to claim that youve lived a truly wild life. Also, the word coup has numerous meanings- in faire les quatre cents coups, its in the sense of un mauvais coup i.e. a dirty or mean trick. Unfortunately, the title of the Franà §ois Truffauts film Les Quatre Cents Coups was poorly translated as The 400 Blows in English. 400 Tricks would have been a little better, but the best translation would have probably been something more figuratively comparable like Raising Hell or The Wild One. Example   Ã‚  Ã‚  Paul ne va pas luniversità ©; il fait toujours les quatre cents coups.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Paul isnt going to college; hes still sowing his wild oats.

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Using Calculus To Calculate Income Elasticity of Demand

Using Calculus To Calculate Income Elasticity of Demand Suppose youre given the following question: Demand is Q -110P 0.32I, where P is the price of the good and I is the consumers income. What is the income elasticity of demand when income is 20,000 and price is $5? We saw that we can calculate any elasticity by the formula: Elasticity of Z with respect to Y (dZ / dY)*(Y/Z) Price elasticity of income: (dQ / dI)*(I/Q) demand equation dQ/dI 0.32 Income elasticity of demand: (dQ / dI)*(I/Q)Income elasticity of demand: (0.32)*(I/(-110P 0.32I))Income elasticity of demand: 0.32I/(-110P 0.32I) Income elasticity of demand: 0.32I/(-110P 0.32I)Income elasticity of demand: 6400/(-550 6400)Income elasticity of demand: 6400/5850Income elasticity of demand: 1.094 Demand is Income Elastic Next: Using Calculus To Calculate Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand Other Price Elasticity Equations Using Calculus To Calculate Price Elasticity of Demand Using Calculus To Calculate Income Elasticity of Demand Using Calculus To Calculate Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand Using Calculus To Calculate Price Elasticity of Supply

Sunday, November 3, 2019

3D Virtual World Environments for L2 Learning and Teaching Assignment

3D Virtual World Environments for L2 Learning and Teaching - Assignment Example From the discussion it is clear that the virtual reality environment is at the foremost an immersive experience. In order for it to appeal to the user it needs to be as close to our real 3D world as possible. This is why there is a need to develop the 3D environment further for the user to get really comfortable in that world.This study highlights that visual and audio components are given great priority when designing a 3D virtual world. At present, scientists are trying to find ways to incorporate the sensory component into the virtual environment. A user would feel more immersed within a particular virtual environment if he is able to make use of his sense of touch, just the way he uses his visual and auditory senses. Currently, there is also a need to refine visual graphics in order to make the virtual world appear more lifelike. Also, special attention has to be paid to the fact that enabling a real-time environment within such a virtual system is the key to its success with the user.  The user is made familiar with the concept of real-time with regard to a 3D virtual environment. This idea of using 3D reality has already been applied to gaming with games such as Metal Gear Solid and System Shock. A relatively new usage of the 3D virtual environment is in the field of education. Educationalists have considered the use of incorporating the 3D virtual environment in class rooms and educational institutes with varying degrees of success.

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Problem solving exercise (Home Banking) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Problem solving exercise (Home Banking) - Essay Example Intuit opted for its multiplatform Quicken software with its high functionality. Microsoft promoted its product Money targeting Windows users only. 3. Bankers’ concerns about possible customer retention problems arising from home banking are valid. In a worse case scenario, if something goes wrong with the third party system, it could mean a bank’s information security could be compromised and it’s connectivity with it severed. One way to deal with this threat is to manage information locally. That way, banks never have to rely on a third party for information security. 4. Competition for home-banking customers will change over time. The market for such services will eventually achieve equilibrium. When that happens â€Å"home banking† services will be expected by customers with each account. As such, the costs to the customer will become low or free, but they will still probably still have to pay for certain premium functionality. 2. Nevertheless, Delta is also weak by comparison of certain other aspects. These weaknesses include the third largest sales force, average MRO services, and only 10% market share for the line one product. 1. Noxell might consider certain changes for its advertising objectives. Instead of 25% brand awareness in the target market and 15% superiority perception, a 20% goal for each may be a more balanced goal. 2. There may be certain suggestions for Noxell’s advertising agency with respect to its message. â€Å"Clean and healthful† is good but perhaps not enough. Don’t most people expect to be clean after using soap and isn’t cleanliness akin to health? Perhaps, additional messages should be included such as â€Å"moisturizing† or â€Å"won’t clog pores† or some other such benefit in addition to the expected â€Å"clean and healthful† approach. 3. If the advertising budget was allotted, it should be spent at about that stated in the proposal with one major

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

IMac Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

IMac - Assignment Example The system was also not able to fully accept the modules of programming that had used other Microsoft compatible software packages. The failure of highly expensive iMac to run Ronny’s software adversely impacted his confidence level. Ronny’s computer skills were much recognized because he had developed a very interesting geography puzzle for his classmates. He had also been secretly working on the development of a new video game, designed especially to increase the mental reflexes of youngsters. He needed to run the program on the latest machine so he could test the various creative ideas using multimedia and rectify the bugs, if any. The failure of the machines greatly distressed him. The frequent trips to repair shop also made him lose precious time as he wanted to send his video game to the online competition organized by the IBM. Development of video games requires highly sophisticated machines that can run complicated computer programs using multimedia. The testing of software is important part of software development and successful run of each module boosts the confidence of the developer. The failure of iMac to completely accept the program modules that needed other Microsoft compatible software, turned out to be the biggest setback to Ronny’s desire to take part in the competition. iMac is supposed to be the most sophisticated computer that could perform huge number of functions at high speed. But the weakness in the machine to run the important features of Ronny’s programs significantly jolted his confidence in the Apple’s products. Ronny’s father was also not able to buy another computer for him because of the huge amount of money already spent on the expensive iMac. The father was highly proud of his son and knew that advanced computer like iMac would greatly facilitate his son in improving his skills. He had also realized that the latest computer would help his genius son in exploiting his vast potential. His

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Research Project: Impact and Causes of Air Pollution

Research Project: Impact and Causes of Air Pollution NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND GLOBAL EMPOWERMENT, THE CASE OF INDUSTRIAL AIR POLLUTION IN ILUPEJU INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, LAGOS STATE. BY ATUBI AUGUSTUS O. (Ph.D) ABSTRACT The research work is primarily on industrial pollution; focusing on air pollution in the Ilupeju industrial estate of Lagos State, in Mushin Local Government Area. Air pollution has been a serious problem to the people who reside closely to Ilupeju industrial zone since inception of the area. It has been responsible for various ailments among the people and those who work in the industries that pollute the air through the use of some dangerous chemicals. The research work looked at the various ways by which air pollution is being generated in the area, the effects on the people and the possible control measures to minimize its further damage on the health of the people and the place for national development and global empowerment. INTRODUCTION The environment is the setting of man’s various productive activities. The impact of man on the landscape through these activities and the extent of environmental pollution arising there from have been well documented (Atubi and Onokala, 2006a, Atubi, 2007b). In Nigeria today, most of the industrial estates are not meant for industries alone; residential homes can be found in the so-called industrial estates also. And with this development, the problem of industrial pollution has effects on man, plants and materials. The areas which contain industries manufacturing different products such as petrochemicals, detergents, injects harmful wastes into the air such as carbon monoxide, sulphur oxide, nitrogen oxide and hydrocarbons which are the major sources of air pollution. Generally, the release of industrial waste into the air has been responsible for many health problems such as chronic bronchitis, malaria, asthma and also the damaging of roofing sheets and buildings. The resident are not fully aware of the damages being done to their lives and properties by those harmful wastes. Most of the past researches in Nigeria and the world in general on industrial pollution such as Hodges (1977); Mcgraw-Hill (1977); Okoro (1979); Nwafor (1981); Simmon (1982); Kormondy (1984); Segynola (1988); Ohagi (1988); Ademorati (1988); Miller (1994); Hill (1999) to mention a few, have their focus on effects and causes of industrial pollution in general and not on industrial estate. Available evidence (Census, 1991) shows that about sixty thousand people reside in the Ilupeju industrial area, yet very low priority is accorded to the problems of industrial pollution and environmental quality in the area. The problem of air pollution is worse in Lagos than in any other Nigerian city. It is also more complex in Lagos. The study is aimed at analyzing the effects of industrial air pollution on the residents and environments of Ilupeju industrial estate as a way for national development and global empowerment. STUDY AREA/DATA COLLECTION This study is focused on Ilupeju industrial estate, which in the context of this paper comprises of over 20 streets and for proper administration it was further divided into three zones. The zones are Ilupeju bye-pass as zone A, Coker area as zone B, Town Planning area as zone C. Ilupeju industrial estate is located within the Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State. It covers an area of about 110 hectares of land. It is transversed by longitude 30 and 3060I east and latitude 3030I north. It is bounded in the North by Ikeja Local Government Area, in the east by Somolu Local Government Area, in the West by Oshodi/Isolo Local Government Area, and in the South by Surulere Local Government Area in Lagos State in 1962 (fig. 1). It occupies a unique position in Lagos State, firstly as an industrial zone, secondly as a commercial centre, thirdly as a residential area and lastly as a major route. The concentration of industries can be found in Ilupeju industrial estate. And the area is well established because of the rapid growth of new and large industrial establishments, which include good transportation, and relatively high standard of available public utilities. The industries on this estate include paints, plastic, textiles, printing services and the manufacturers of soap and detergents etc. The banking sector is another sector found amongst the economic activities that takes place in Ilupeju. The data on which the study is based were collected through questionnaire survey in the year 2005 from three zones to which Ilupeju industrial estate was divided. The random/systematic sampling techniques was used to select a number of streets. Out of the 20 streets in the area 10 were randomly selected for the study in which three houses were again selected randomly with two persons selected for interview. Responses from the questionnaires were mainly used for data analysis. The computation elied on averaging model, percentages and Analysis of variance (ANOVA). CAUSES OF INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION Mcgraw-Hill (1977) stated that other sources such as pesticides and man’s earth-moving and agricultural practices lead to vastly increased atmospheric burden of the soil particles and of pollens, spots, rust and smuts. Okoro (1979) further stated that industrialization is as a result of man’s attempt to provide himself with facilities for optimum employment. Industries leave behind peculiar wastes. They also pollute our environment, think of the cloud of smoke that emerges from the industrial house and apparently disappears into the air, think of various colour liquid some of them have foul smells that are emptied into the rivers, lagoons and oceans. They change environment’s composition and destroy its purity. To assess this, respondents were asked to mention the causes of industrial pollution in the estate. The response made showed that the use of chemicals in Zone A is one of the major causes of pollution in the area followed by the release of smoke from the industries which 24 people responded to it, while the poor disposal of waste and noise from machineries have responses of 23 and 20 respectively. In zone B, 19 people responded to the use of chemicals, 10 to the poor disposal of waste, 9 people indicated to the noise from machineries and 15 responded to the release of smokes from industries. Finally, in zone C, 20 people indicated that the use of chemicals is the major cause of industrial pollution. 18 responded to the poor disposal of waste, 17 to noise from the machineries, and 18 to the release of smokes. Table 1 shows the details. From the table it could seen that zone A and C had high indications than B, this is because Zone A and C are the nearest neighbours to different industries while zone B are area away from the industries. TABLE 1:THE CAUSES OF INDUSTRIAL AIR POLLUTION IN ILUPEJU INDUSTRIAL ESTATE. Source: Field Survey, 2005 Therefore, the major causes of industrial air pollution as seen from the table is because of the use of chemicals which in turn pollute the area through the release of smoke. TABLE 2:THE EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIAL AIR POLLUTION IN ILUPEJU INDUSTRIAL ESTATE Source: Field Survey, 2005 Table 2 shows that in zone A 20 indicated that restlessness has been one of the effects of industrial air pollution followed by persistent cough and chest pain, eye irritation which is the highest with 21 responses and 20 for asthmatic patients. Zone B, as could be seen from the table 2 had eye patient with 20 respondents and 10 respondents respectively for restlessness and persistent cough and chest pain. Zone C showed that the effect of industrial air pollution is more on eye irritation and persistent cough and chest pain with 20 respondents respectively while restlessness had the highest respondents and asthmatic patient has 19 respondents. From the above table 2, the effects of industrial air pollution is felt more in Zone A followed by Zone B and this is because the residential areas are nearest to the industrial area. Zone B has a total of 59 compared to Zone A (81) and Zone C (80). From the table it indicated that zones A and B have the highest effects of industrial pollution than zone C. Hypotheses were formulated and tested using analysis of variance statistic. The calculated values are 10.27 and 3.72 and the critical table value are 4.26 and 4.26. Therefore, there is variation of industrial air pollution in Ilupeju industrial estate. (See Appendix 1 and 2 for necessary computations). POLICY IMPLEMENTATION In order to prevent severe health hazards arising from increased industrial activities which pollutes the environment, government’s silence on environmental protection over the years should be broken and public interest must be sufficiently aroused through documentaries and corrective measures of pollution. We should therefore, plan ahead, and learn from the mistakes of the industrialized nations and their current efforts to correct those mistakes. We should not allow pollution to be the price of the state’s progress. The establishment of some parastatals concerned with the maintenance of sanity in environment is the next step in the right direction. The Lagos State Ministry of Environment, Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency, Federal Environmental Protection Agency and the Ministry of Health, etc. amongst others are charged with the responsibility of protecting the environment and maintaining a healthy environments as a way for national development and global employment. However, to grapple effectively with our environmental problems and enhance the quality of life in our settlements, we require information in the nature and dimension of these problems. The State Government should make funds available for relevant research to increase our understanding of the source and effect of gaseous pollutant and all disciplines have a role to play in this regard. There is need to design relatively, cheap yet efficient methods of waste disposal for our towns and cities (Atubi and Oriero, 2006b). Finally, it may be observed that in the area of pollution control, there must be a good deal of cooperation between professionals. The engineers should explore different alternatives of controls; the economists must determine which combination of measures is least costly for a given degree or control. The social scientists explore the intangible benefits associated with different level of control, the surveyors to determine how best each level of control could be developed and the jurist establish how different control measures can be enforced. The decision regarding the control measures can be adopted and enforced. However, the adoptions rest with the people and the government. They will have to pay for it and will have to live with it. CONCLUSION The result of the study has shown that all environmental pollution in Ilupeju industrial estate is created by man’s activities in living, producing and consuming goods and services. These activities generate net benefits to the people undertaking them even though they may impose unwanted cost. An important objective of environmental resources management in Lagos State is to plan towards an improvement of overall quality of the state’s human environment and this plan should be undertaken from the local level upwards. To achieve this objective, a strategy should be worked out to ensure that the use of resources for the welfare of man does not result in a conflict between the environment and development or between resource utilization and man. REFERENCES Ademoroti C. M. A. (1988), â€Å"Environmental Management: Case Studies on Industrial Waste water treatment†, Environmental issues and management in Nigeria Development. Pp. 200 – 206 Atubi, A. O. and Onokala, P. C. (2006a) â€Å"The Socio-Economic Effects of Oil Spillage on Agriculture in the Niger-Delta: A case study of Olomoro, Delta State, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Studies vol. 2 No.4. Pp. 46 – 52. Atubi, A. O. and Oriero, S. B. (2006b) Environmental Sanitation in Abraka Metropolis; Towards A public policy in Akinbode, A and Ugbomeh B (eds) Abraka Region pp. 118 – 128. Atubi, A. O. (2007b) The Perception of Industrial Disturbances in Nigeria Cities: A Geographical Appraisal of Benin-City. Journal of Environmental Analar (forthcoming). Hill J. (1999), General Chemistry: An Integrated approach 2nd edition, Englewood Cliffs, N. J. Prenctice Hall. Hodges L. (1977), Environmental Pollution: 2nd Edition U.S.A., Library of Congress cataloging in publication Data. Pp. 6 – 8. Kormondy, E. J. (1984), Concept of Ecology, Englewood Cliffs, N. J. Prentice – Hall P. 35. Mcgraw-Hill (1977) Encyclopaedia of Environmental Science, New York: Mcgraw-hill p. 35. Miller, G. T. (1994) Living in the environment: Principles, Connection and Solution 8th edition Belmont California, Wadsworth. Pp. 569 – 583, 645 – 647. Nwafor, J. C. (1981) â€Å"An Evaluation of Land Conservation Problems of Extractive and Manufacturing Industries in Nigeria: A case study of Nkalagu Cement Industry† In U. M. Gbozurike (ed.) Land Use and Conservation in Nigeria. Nsukka; University of Nigeria Press, Pp. 128 – 36. Ohaji, S.M.O. (1988), â€Å"The Effects of Brewery Effluent Discharge on Ikpoba River Water Quality, Benin City† Environmental issues and management in Nigeria Development, Pp. 196 – 197. Okoro, P. T. (1979) Environmental Problems and Your Health: A paper presented to the Ministry of Health. Segynola, A. A. (1988) â€Å"The Nigerian Industrial Landscape and Environmental Degradation†. Environmental issues and Management in Nigeria Development, Pp. 174 – 179. Simon, I. G. (1982) The Ecology of Natural Resources, 2nd edition. Edward Arnold Limited, Pp. 277 – 279. APPENDIX I CAUSES OF INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION IN THE STUDY AREA TO USE ANOVA, APPLY SSt=Sum of Square total Ssw=Sum of square within SSb=Sum of Square between Assign X1, X2 and X3 to the various zones Ho: There is no variation of industrial Air Pollution in the study Area. Calculate the F – ratio and use it to test for the significant difference SSt – ÃŽ £X2 = (ÃŽ £X)2 N ÃŽ £X2 = ÃŽ £X12 + ÃŽ £X22 + ÃŽ £32 = 2130 + 767 + 1337 = 4234 N = n1 + n2 + n3 = 4 + 4 + 4 = 12 ÃŽ £X = ÃŽ £X1 + ÃŽ £X2 + ÃŽ £X3 = 92 + 53 + 73 = 218 SSt=4234 – (218)2 12 SSt = 4234 – 3960 = 273.7 To get SSb SSb = ( X1)2 + ( ÃŽ £X2)2 + (ÃŽ £X3)2 – ( ÃŽ £X)2 n1 n2 n3 N (92)2 + (53)2 + (73)2 – (218)2 4 4 4 12 (2116 + 702.3 + 1332.3) – 3960.3 4150.6 – 3960.3 SSb = 190.3 To get SSw SSw = SSt – SSb 273.7 – 190.3 SSw = 83.4 Determine the F – ratio F = MSb MSw Where MSb = Mean Square between MSw = Mean Square Within Firstly, dfb (df between) = K – 1 Where K = number of groups dfb = 3 – 1 = 2 Secondly, dfw (df within) = N – K Where N = Number of subjects dfw = 12 – 3 = 9 df total = N – 1 12 – 1 = 11 MSb = SSb = 190.3 dfb 2=95.2 Then MSw = SSw= 83.4 dfw 9=9.27 F = MSb = 95,2 MSw 9.27=10.27 The calculated F-ratio must be larger than the theoretical F-ratio to reject the hypothesis. At 0.05 level of confidence, Theoretical F = 4.26 Calculated F = 10.27 Therefore, there is variation of industrial Air Pollution in the study area. APPENDIX 2 THE EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIAL AIR POLLUTION IN THE STUDY AREA n1 = 4n2 = 4n3 = 4 ÃŽ £X1 = 81ÃŽ £X2 = 59ÃŽ £X3 = 80 ÃŽ £X12 – 1641 ÃŽ £X22 = 961ÃŽ £X32 = 1602 X1 = 20.3X2 = 14.8X3 = 20 SSt = ÃŽ £X2 = ( ÃŽ £X)2 N ÃŽ £X2 = ÃŽ £X12 + ÃŽ £X22 + ÃŽ £X32 1641 + 961 + 1602 = 4204 N = n1 + n2 + n3 = 4 + 4 + 4 =12 ÃŽ £X = ÃŽ £X1 + ÃŽ £X2 + ÃŽ £X3 = 81 + 59 + 80 = 220 SSt = 4204 – (220)2 12 SSt = 4204 – 4033.3 = 170.7 To get SSb SSb = ( ÃŽ £X1)2 + ( ÃŽ £X2)2 + ( ÃŽ £X3)2 – ( ÃŽ £X)2 n1 n2 n3 N (18)2 + (59)2 + (80)2 – (220)2 4 4 4 12 1640.3 + 870.3 + 1600 – 4033.3 4110.6 – 4033.3 SSb = 77.3 To get SSw SSw = SSt – SSb 170.7 – 77.3 = 93.4 F = MSb MSw dfb = 3 – 1 = 2 dfw = 12 – 3 = 9 MSb = SSb – 77.3 dfb 2 =38.7 MSw = SSw = 93.4 dfw 9=10.4 F = MSb=38.7 MSw10.4 Theoretical F = 4.26 Calculated F = 3.72 1

Friday, October 25, 2019

African American and Latina Women and the Criminal Justice System :: essays research papers

African American and Latina Women and the Criminal Justice System Sentencing disparities are an equally inequitable derivative of mandatory sentencing which requires increased sentences for crack cocaine violations, while offering flexible alternatives in cases arising from powder cocaine arrests. Powder cocaine is used by predominantly white middle-class or suburban defendants. More than 71 percent of women in federal prison and 35 percent of female state inmates have been convicted of drug offenses, usually involving crack cocaine, which carries mandatory sentences as long as 25 years for first time offenders. Moreover, large numbers of women of color convicted of crack offenses have been charged because of relationships with boyfriends, husbands or other significant males who themselves are statistically more vulnerable to police apprehension and racial profiling. Two cases exemplify the numerous other instances of young African American women doing hard time for minor drug involvement. Kimba Smith, a first time offender in Virginia, was unable to bargain with prosecutors because she could offer no information about the drug dealer with whom she was romantically involved. She was sentenced to federal prison for 24 years without possibility of parole--one year for each of her 24 years of age. Dorothy Gaines, a mother of two minor children and guardian of two grandchildren, is serving a 19-year, seven-month federal sentence without possibility of parole. Many believe she was convicted not because of the scant evidence but because she had no information to offer against her live-in male companion. The Prison Industrial Complex, driven by the momentum of privatized prison construction as an effective rural economic development tool, has become a self-fulfilling prophecy. It encourages more convictions, larger prison populations and longer prison sentences, even though these prisons increasingly have become warehouses for the mothers of black and brown children. In 1995, over $5.1 billion was allocated for new prison construction by federal and state governments, at an average cost of $58,000 for a medium security cell.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Values and Morals through Native American Myths and Tales

Values in Native American Tales Throughout all forms of Native American tales and myths we see many values and aspects portrayed by the Native American people. In the myths that are read, the reader can easily pick off and single off values that the Native American people truly saw were thoroughly important in their time and society. The Native American people believed in many aspects which were usually considered important values for people to possess.The thing about Native American myths and tales that is found astonishing is the fact that these stories are most likely improbable but regardless of hat, these stories still depict great human qualities that everyone should have. Native American myths capture the culture and values of the society in which it was produced with the morals involving love and friendship, the relationship between humans and animals and trust and loyalty. Firstly, in opinion one of the biggest values told by the Native Americans has indeed have to be love a nd friendship.There are several appearances of these two morals throughout the myths, this indicates that the Native Americans did in fact see these values as quite important. Right off the bat, we see in the first story â€Å"The Earth on Turtle's Back† the animals in the story see the women and instantly try to care for and make sure the women is safe, â€Å"We must do something to help her† this shows somewhat of a base for the love the animals radiate toward the women. As the story progresses we also see quotes such as, â€Å"Look, she doesn't have webbed feet.I don't think she can live in the water. † This is also another form showing love and friendship because Native Americans are extremely caring toward one another, even if that life form isn't even of the same species. Also in the myth â€Å"Iroquois Constitution† we see quotes such as, miour heart shall be filled with peace and good will and your mind filled with yearning for the welfare of the people of the confederacy. † If Native Americans pledge to live peacefully and become a part of the confederacy they will have unity, or friendship with each other.On the other hand, love and friendship are not the only values truly seen in these myths, another big one would have to be the relationship between humans and animals. Relating back to the tale â€Å"The Earth on Turtle's Back† it is easily seen that there is a strong relationship etween the animals and the human. â€Å"l have heard that there is Earth far below the waters. If we dive down and bring up Earth, she will have a place to stand. † This shows how the animals saw how helpless the women was and knew they had to help her.Also in the tale â€Å"When Grizzlies walked Upright† the daughter of the sky chief accidently gets caught up with the grizzlies and the Mother Grizzly watches out for and protects the daughter. Also as the story advances the daughter actually marries one of the grizzlie s, â€Å"When she became a young woman she and the eldest son of the rizzly bears were married. † In the story the bear and the daughter got married, this is a very straightforward point shown that Native Americans thoroughly believed in the relationship between humans and animals.Finally, the last value strongly represented throughout the myths is the aspects ot trust and loyalty. This is one ot the only aspects that in a way was executed in each of the myths. In â€Å"When the Grizzlies Walked Upright† the Mother Bear makes a loyal decision to send one of the grizzlies to tell the Chief where the daughter was, â€Å"Then she sent her eldest randson in a cloud to the top of Mount Shasta to tell the spirit chief where he could find his long-lost daughter. The Mother Bear was so loyal to the chief that even knowing the chief would be rather angered, a grizzly was still sent to spread awareness of the lost daughter. The tale of â€Å"The Navajo Origin Legend† sho ws trust, even though it may not seem at first. In the story the people are practicing a ceremony where the people have to trust their elders, â€Å"Then they told the people to stand at a distance and allow the wind to enter. † The people have to trust the elders nd listen to them in order for the ceremony to work properly.But like what was stated, all stories give off the general idea that everyone should accept the values of trust and loyalty. Such how in the â€Å"Iroquois Constitution† all of the states have to have trust in the constitution and pay loyalty to one another. In â€Å"The Earth on Turtle's Back† the animals have to have trust in each other that one of the animals will in fact bring up the Earth. In conclusion, it is easily seen that there are several aspects and values that the Native Americans want people to accept and live by.By reading these myths and stories, it really does give us an in-depth idea of how the Native American people wanted people to act and treat one another. In almost every tale ever told by the Native Americans there is something to take from it, the Native Americans truly wanted everyone in this world to be good, genuine people. Although there are so many aspect presented by these people, it's hard to single out which are considered the most important. From reading the stories though, one can conclude that the three main aspects given to us involve love and friendship, the relationship between Values and Morals through Native American Myths and Tales Throughout all forms of Native American tales and myths we see many values and aspects portrayed by the Native American people. In the myths that are read, the reader can easily pick off and single off values that the Native American people truly saw were thoroughly important in their time and society. The Native American people believed in many aspects which were usually considered important values for people to possess. The thing about Native American myths and tales that is found astonishing is the fact that these stories are most likely improbable but regardless of that, these stories still depict great human qualities that everyone should have. Native American myths capture the culture and values of the society in which it was produced with the morals involving love and friendship, the relationship between humans and animals and trust and loyalty.Firstly, in opinion one of the biggest values told by the Native Americans has indeed have to be love and friendship. There are severa l appearances of these two morals throughout the myths, this indicates that the Native Americans did in fact see these values as quite important. Right off the bat, we see in the first story â€Å"The Earth on Turtle’s Back† the animals in the story see the women and instantly try to care for and make sure the women is safe, â€Å"We must do something to help her† this shows somewhat of a base for the love the animals radiate toward the women. As the story progresses we also see quotes such as, â€Å"Look, she doesn’t have webbed feet. I don’t think she can live in the water.†This is also another form showing love and friendship because Native Americans are extremely caring toward one another, even if that life form isn’t even of the same species. Also in the myth â€Å"Iroquois Constitution† we see quotes such as, â€Å"Your heart shall be filled with peace and good will and your mind filled with yearning for the welfare of t he people of the confederacy.† If Native Americans pledge to live peacefully and become a part of the confederacy they will have unity, or friendship with each other. On the other hand, love and friendship are not the only values truly seen in these myths, another big one would have to be the relationship between humans and animals.Relating back to the tale â€Å"The Earth on Turtle’s Back† it is easily seen that there is a strong relationship between the animals and the human. â€Å"I have heard that there is  Earth far below the waters. If we dive down and bring up Earth, she will have a place to stand.† This shows how the animals saw how helpless the women was and knew they had to help her. Also in the tale â€Å"When Grizzlies walked Upright† the daughter of the sky chief accidently gets caught up with the grizzlies and the Mother Grizzly watches out for and protects the daughter. Also as the story advances the daughter actually marries one of the grizzlies, â€Å"When she became a young woman she and the eldest son of the grizzly bears were married.†In the story the bear and the daughter got married, this is a very straightforward point shown that Native Americans thoroughly believed in the relationship between humans and animals. Finally, the last value strongly represented throughout the myths is the aspects of trust and loyalty. This is one of the only aspects that in a way was executed in each of the myths. In â€Å"When the Grizzlies Walked Upright† the Mother Bear makes a loyal decision to send one of the grizzlies to tell the Chief where the daughter was, â€Å"Then she sent her eldest grandson in a cloud to the top of Mount Shasta to tell the spirit chief where he could find his long-lost daughter.†The Mother Bear was so loyal to the chief that even knowing the chief would be rather angered, a grizzly was still sent to spread awareness of the lost daughter. The tale of â€Å"The Navajo Orig in Legend† shows trust, even though it may not seem at first. In the story the people are practicing a ceremony where the people have to trust their elders, â€Å"Then they told the people to stand at a distance and allow the wind to enter.† The people have to trust the elders and listen to them in order for the ceremony to work properly. But like what was stated, all stories give off the general idea that everyone should accept the values of trust and loyalty. Such how in the â€Å"Iroquois Constitution† all of the states have to have trust in the constitution and pay loyalty to one another.In â€Å"The Earth on Turtle’s Back† the animals have to have trust in each other that one of the animals will in fact bring up the Earth. In conclusion, it is easily seen that there are several aspects and values that the Native Americans want people to accept and live by. By reading these myths and stories, it really does give us an in-depth idea of how the Na tive American people wanted people to act and treat one another. In almost every tale ever told by the Native Americans there is something to take from it, the Native Americans truly wanted everyone in this world to be good, genuine people.Although there are so many aspect presented by these people, it’s hard to single out which are considered the most important. From reading the stories though, one can conclude that the three main aspects given to us involve love and friendship, the relationship between humans and animals and trust and loyalty.